World Journal of Oncology, ISSN 1920-4531 print, 1920-454X online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, World J Oncol and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website http://www.wjon.org

Original Article

Volume 1, Number 1, February 2010, pages 19-27


Expression of Cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Clinicopathologic Study

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1. Association between COX-1 immunostaining and progression-free survival.
Figure 2.
Figure 2. Association between COX-1 immunostaining and survival.
Figure 3.
Figure 3. Association between COX-2 immunostaining and progression-free survival.
Figure 4.
Figure 4. Association between COX-2 immunostaining and survival.
Figure 5.
Figure 5. Association between COX-1 and COX-2 combination and progression-free survival.
Figure 6.
Figure 6. Association between COX-1 and COX-2 combination and survival.

Tables

Table 1. General Characteristics
 
CharacteristicsN (%)
Age; year, median (range)50 (24-84)
Menopausal status
  premenopause51 (47.7)
  postmenopause56 (52.3)
Result of surgery
  complete surgery101 (94.4)
  incomplete surgery6 (5.6)
Residual tumor
  no residual tumor56 (52.3)
  ≤ 2 cm35 (32.7)
  > 2 cm16 (15.0)
Histology
  serous32 (29.9)
  mucinous25 (23.4)
  endometrioid16 (15.0)
  clear cell14 (13.1)
  adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified12 (11.2)
  mixed epithelium7 (6.5)
  adenosquamous1 (0.9)
Grade
  G118 (16.9)
  G235 (32.7)
  G354 (50.4)
FIGO Staging
  stage I47 (43.9)
  stage II7 (6.5)
  stage III44 (41.1)
  stage IV9 (8.4)
Adjuvant chemotherapy
  no adjuvant therapy19 (17.8)
  adjuvant chemotherapy88 (82.2)
Total107

 

Table 2. Overall Characteristics of COX-1 and COX-2 Immunostaining
 
Area of ExpressionCOX-1
N (%)
COX-2
N (%)
≤ 5%18 (16.8)5 (4.7)
6 - 25%17 (15.9)3 (2.8)
26 - 50%14 (13.1)9 (8.4)
51 - 75%11 (10.3)16 (15.0)
≥ 76%47 (43.9)74 (69.2)

 

Table 3. Immunohistochemical Staining and Clinical Data Association
 
Clinical dataNCOX-1 area expression; N (%)pCOX-2 area expression; N (%)p
≤ 75%
n = 60
> 75%
n = 47
≤ 75%
n = 33
> 75%
n = 74
Age
  ≤ 60 years7947 (59.5)32 (40.5)0.2328 (35.4)51 (64.6)0.08
  > 60 years2813 (46.4)15 (53.6)5 (17.9)23 (82.1)
Menopausal status
  premenopause5128 (54.9)23 (45.1)0.8216 (31.4)35 (68.6)0.91
  postmenopause5632 (57.1)24 (42.9)17 (30.4)39 (69.6)
Residual tumor
  no residual tumor5631 (55.4)25 (44.6)0.8720 (35.7)36 (64.3)0.25
  residual tumor5129 (56.9)22 (43.1)13 (25.5)38 (74.5)
Histology
  mucinous2519 (76.0)6 (24.0)0.0214 (56.0)11 (44.0)0.002
  non-mucinous8241 (50.0)41 (50.0)19 (23.2)63 (76.8)
Tumor grade
  G1-25331 (58.5)22 (41.5)0.6221 (39.6)32 (60.4)0.05
  G35429 (53.7)25 (46.3)12 (22.2)42 (77.8)
FIGO Staging
  stage 1-25430 (55.6)24 (44.4)0.9120 (37.0)34 (63.0)0.16
  stage 3-45330 (56.6)23 (43.4)13 (24.5)40 (75.5)
Response to first lineN = 88n = 48n = 40n = 26n = 62
  chemotherapy0.380.01
  response5532 (58.2)23 (41.8)11 (20.0)44 (80.0)
  no response3316 (48.5)17 (51.5)15 (45.5)18 (54.5)

 

Table 4. The Association of Clinicopathological Data and COX Immunostaining With Survival
 
Clinical dataMultivariate analysis
Hazard ratio (95% CI)p
Age
  ≤ 60 years2.290.013
  > 60 years(1.19 – 4.39)
Residual disease
  no residual2.930.05
  residual(1.00 – 8.62)
Histology
  Mucinous3.680.004
  Non-mucinous(1.51 – 8.94)
Tumor grade
  Grade 1-22.000.059
  Grade 3(0.98 – 4.10)
FIGO stage
  Stage 1-24.170.018
  Stage 3-4(1.27 – 13.70)
COX -1 and COX-2 expression
  Others group5.90< 0.0001
  High COX-1 and low COX-2(2.38 – 14.59)