World J Oncol

World Journal of Oncology, ISSN 1920-4531 print, 1920-454X online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, World J Oncol and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.wjon.org

Original Article

Volume 4, Number 3, June 2013, pages 151-157

Nuclear Matrix Protein 22 in Voided Urine Cytology Efficacy in Risk Stratification for Carcinoma of Bladder

**Table 1.** Patient’s Demographics and Baseline Characteristics
Variables	No urinary tract disease (n = 567)	Benign disease (n = 685)	Urinary tract cancer (n = 79)	Overall (n = 1,331)
Mean (SD)	54.1 (13.8)	61.7 (13.7)	65.8 (13.3)	58.7 (14.3)
Range	18 - 91	27 - 96	21 - 86	18 - 96
No. (%) of patients
< 40	90 (15.9)	50 (7.3)	4 (5.1)	144 (10.8)
41 - 50	153 (27.0)	95 (13.9)	5 (6.3)	253 (19.0)
51 - 60	146 (25.8)	171 (25.0)	14 (17.7)	331 (24.9)
61 - 70	94 (16.6)	167 (24.4)	23 (29.1)	284 (21.3)
71 - 80	73 (12.9)	153 (22.3)	26 (32.9)	252 (18.9)
> 81	11 (1.9)	49 (7.2)	7 (8.9)	67 (5.0)
Sex, No. (%) of patients
Male	225 (39.7)	472 (68.9)	62 (78.5)	759 (57.0)
Female	342 (60.3)	213 (31.1)	17 (21.5)	572 (43.0)
Race
No (%) of patients black, non Hispanic	54 (9.5)	62 (9.1)	4 (5.1)	120 (9.0)
White, non Hispanic	447 (78.8)	572 (83.5)	70 (88.6)	1,089 (81.8)
Hispanic	43 (7.6)	36 (5.3)	5 (6.3)	84 (6.3)
Asia	15 (2.7)	11 (1.6)	0	26 (2.0)
Other	5 (0.9)	1 (0.2)	0	6 (0.5)
Unknown	3 (0.5)	3 (0.4)	0	6 (0.5)

Table 1. Patient’s Demographics and Baseline Characteristics

Variables

No urinary tract disease (n = 567)

Benign disease (n = 685)

Urinary tract cancer (n = 79)

Overall (n = 1,331)

Mean (SD)

54.1 (13.8)

61.7 (13.7)

65.8 (13.3)

58.7 (14.3)

Range

18 - 91

27 - 96

21 - 86

18 - 96

No. (%) of patients

< 40

90 (15.9)

50 (7.3)

4 (5.1)

144 (10.8)

41 - 50

153 (27.0)

95 (13.9)

5 (6.3)

253 (19.0)

51 - 60

146 (25.8)

171 (25.0)

14 (17.7)

331 (24.9)

61 - 70

94 (16.6)

167 (24.4)

23 (29.1)

284 (21.3)

71 - 80

73 (12.9)

153 (22.3)

26 (32.9)

252 (18.9)

> 81

11 (1.9)

49 (7.2)

7 (8.9)

67 (5.0)

Sex, No. (%) of patients

Male

225 (39.7)

472 (68.9)

62 (78.5)

759 (57.0)

Female

342 (60.3)

213 (31.1)

17 (21.5)

572 (43.0)

Race

No (%) of patients black, non Hispanic

54 (9.5)

62 (9.1)

4 (5.1)

120 (9.0)

White, non Hispanic

447 (78.8)

572 (83.5)

70 (88.6)

1,089 (81.8)

Hispanic

43 (7.6)

36 (5.3)

5 (6.3)

84 (6.3)

Asia

15 (2.7)

11 (1.6)

26 (2.0)

Other

5 (0.9)

1 (0.2)

6 (0.5)

Unknown

3 (0.5)

3 (0.4)

6 (0.5)

**Table 2.** Sensitivity of NMP22 Assay and Voided Cytology by Stage and Grade of Cancer (n = 72)
	No. with positive test result/total no. with bladder cancer	Sensitivity % (95%Cl)	No. with positive test results/total no. with bladder cancer	Sensitivity % (95%Cl)
Stage
Ta	14/30	46.7 (28.3 - 65.7)	2/28	7.1 (1.0 - 23.5)
T1	4/5	80.0 (28.4 - 99.5)	3/5	60.0 (14.7 - 94.7)
T2, T2a	6/6	100 (54.1 - 100)	2/6	33.3 (4.3 - 77.7)
TX	4/7	57.1 (18.4 - 90.1)	0/7	0 (0 - 41.0)
Noninvasive: Ta T1	31/62	50.0 (37.0 - 63.0)	10/60	16.7 (8.3 - 28.5)
Muscle invasive: T2-T3	9/10	90.0 (55.5 - 99.8)	2/9	22.2 (2.8 - 60.0)
Grade
Well differentiated	13/27	48.2 (28.7 - 68.1)	0/25	0 (0 - 13.7)
Moderately differentiated	9/18	50.0 (26.0 - 74.0)	3/18	16.7 (3.6 - 41.4)
Poorly differentiated	18/25	72.0 (50.6 - 87.9)	9/24	37.5 (18.8 - 59.4)
Gx (Grade unknown)	4/9	44.4 (13.7 - 78.8)	0/9	0 (0 - 33.6)

Table 2. Sensitivity of NMP22 Assay and Voided Cytology by Stage and Grade of Cancer (n = 72)

No. with positive test result/total no. with bladder cancer

Sensitivity % (95%Cl)

No. with positive test results/total no. with bladder cancer

Sensitivity % (95%Cl)

Stage

14/30

46.7 (28.3 - 65.7)

2/28

7.1 (1.0 - 23.5)

4/5

80.0 (28.4 - 99.5)

3/5

60.0 (14.7 - 94.7)

T2, T2a

6/6

100 (54.1 - 100)

2/6

33.3 (4.3 - 77.7)

4/7

57.1 (18.4 - 90.1)

0/7

0 (0 - 41.0)

Noninvasive: Ta T1

31/62

50.0 (37.0 - 63.0)

10/60

16.7 (8.3 - 28.5)

Muscle invasive: T2-T3

9/10

90.0 (55.5 - 99.8)

2/9

22.2 (2.8 - 60.0)

Grade

Well differentiated

13/27

48.2 (28.7 - 68.1)

0/25

0 (0 - 13.7)

Moderately differentiated

9/18

50.0 (26.0 - 74.0)

3/18

16.7 (3.6 - 41.4)

Poorly differentiated

18/25

72.0 (50.6 - 87.9)

9/24

37.5 (18.8 - 59.4)

Gx (Grade unknown)

4/9

44.4 (13.7 - 78.8)

0/9

0 (0 - 33.6)

**Table 3.** Specificity of NMP22 Assay
Patients with risk factor for bladder cancer*	No. with negative test result/total no. without bladder cancer	Specificity, % (95% confidence interval)
No urinary tract disease (with risk factor)	512/567	90.3 (87.6 - 92.6)
Benign prostatic hypertrophy/ prostatitis	231/280	82.5 (77.5 - 86.8)
Cystitis/inflammation / trigonitis urinary tract infection	97/125	77.6 (69.3 - 84.6)
Erythema	42/51	82.4 (69.1 - 91.6)
Hyperplasia/ squamous/ netaplasia / cysts and polyps	41/53	77.4 (63.8 - 87.7)
Calculi	29/40	72.5 (56.1 - 85.4)
Trabeculations	175/217	80.7 (74.7 - 85.7)
Other benign disease, kidney and genitourinary	179/220	81.4 (75.6 - 86.3)
Other cancer history, non bladder +	7/8	87.5 (47.3 - 99.7)
Other active cancer, non bladder ++	33/38	86.8 (71.9 - 95.6)

Table 3. Specificity of NMP22 Assay

Patients with risk factor for bladder cancer*

No. with negative test result/total no. without bladder cancer

Specificity, % (95% confidence interval)

No urinary tract disease (with risk factor)

512/567

90.3 (87.6 - 92.6)

Benign prostatic hypertrophy/ prostatitis

231/280

82.5 (77.5 - 86.8)

Cystitis/inflammation / trigonitis urinary tract infection

97/125

77.6 (69.3 - 84.6)

Erythema

42/51

82.4 (69.1 - 91.6)

Hyperplasia/ squamous/ netaplasia / cysts and polyps

41/53

77.4 (63.8 - 87.7)

Calculi

29/40

72.5 (56.1 - 85.4)

Trabeculations

175/217

80.7 (74.7 - 85.7)

Other benign disease, kidney and genitourinary

179/220

81.4 (75.6 - 86.3)

Other cancer history, non bladder +

7/8

87.5 (47.3 - 99.7)

Other active cancer, non bladder ++

33/38

86.8 (71.9 - 95.6)